Sunday, January 10, 2010

Nutrition: Complex Carbohydrates

Happy New Year to all of you! Hope you all are staying true to your resolutions, I sure am trying my best with mine.

Let's get started:

Complex carbohydrates are made up of many sugar molecules joined together.  Complex carbohydrates are also known as polysaccharides or oligosaccharides. (depending on how many sugar molecules are joined together)

The three types of complex carbohydrates are starch, glycogen, and dextrin.

Starch is a plant's storage form of carbohydrates.  Two types of starch are amylose and amylopectin, which are produced in different proportions.  There are many types of amylose and amylopectin which have different characteristics such as flavour, solubility, and the tendency to thicken a substance.

Glycogen is humans' and animals' storage form of carbohydrates.  Our bodies contain approximately 500g of glycogen.  A fifth of this is stored in the liver and the rest is stored within our muscles.  When our body needs glucose the glycogen in our liver is broken down to glucose and then released into the blood.

Dextrin is formed when starch is digested with acid or heat.  For example, when we toast bread in the toaster, we create dextrin.  Dextrin is sweeter than starch so bread tastes slightly sweeter when toasted.

Fibre can also be categorized as a complex carbohydrate, but since it doesn't get digested within our bodies, I'll be talking about fibre as it's own category.

Keep commenting so I know you're reading!

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Today's Food Item: Whole Wheat Bread
Food Group: Grain Products
Serving Size: 1 slice (35g)
Calories: 85
Fat: 1g
Fibre: 2g
Walking: 21 min
Swimming or Jumping rope: 10 min
Cycling: 12 min

3 comments:

  1. I don't quite get what those respective exercises' timespans mean ? ie Walking: 21min.. i'm pretty sure 21min of walking burns more than 85 calories... (180..for a 150lb person)

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  2. Hi,
    thanks for commenting!
    if you go back to on of my previous posts I mention that I get these values from "The HeartSmart Fitness Wheel" from The Heart & Stroke Foundation. This is only an estimate and I just put up this information because it's interesting to see how many calories really go into our diet. On the HeartSmart Fitness Wheel it says this:

    "Minutes of activity based on:
    1. Walking 5kph (3mph)" 4 Cal/min
    2. Swimming 32-45 m/min: 9 Cal/min
    3. Jumping rope moderate pace: 9 Cal/min
    4. Cycling 16-19 kph (10-12 mph): 7 Cal/min"

    Hopefully this answered your question.
    Also, I'm curious to know where you got 180 calories for a 150lb person? Did you use some sort of calculation or something else?

    - Naz

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